Transfer of genes from genetically-modified Aedes aegypti mosquitoes to naturally-occurring ones were seen in Brazil where transgenic mosquitoes were released from June 2013 to September 2015.
Contrary to claims made, genes from genetically-modified Aedes aegypti mosquito were found to have been transferred to naturally-occurring A. aegypti mosquito population in three areas in Brazil where transgenic mosquitoes were released. It is unclear if the presence of transgenic mosquito genes in the natural population will affect disease transmission capacity or make mosquito control efforts more difficult. A. aegypti mosquitoes are responsible for transmitting dengue, chikungunya and Zika virus.
About 4,50,000 transgenic male mosquitoes were released each week for 27 months (June 2013 to September 2015) in three areas in Brazil. Genetic analysis of naturally occurring mosquitoes were done prior to the release and at six, 12, and 27-30 months after the releases.
Researchers from Yale University studied 347 naturally-occurring A. aegypti mosquitoes for transfer of genes from the transgenic insects. They found that some transgenic genes were found in 10-60% of naturally-occurring mosquitoes. Also, the naturally occurring A. aegypti mosquitoes carrying some genes of the transgenic mosquitoes were able to reproduce and spread to neighbouring areas 4 km away. The results were published in the journal Scientific Reports.
The genetic strategy employed to control A. aegypti population known as RIDL (the Release of Insects carrying Dominant Lethal genes) is supposed to only reduce the population of the naturally occurring A. aegypti mosquitoes and not affect or alter their genetics. Also, offspring are not supposed to grow to adult mosquitoes and reproduce as per claims made by the British company Oxitec Ltd, which had developed the technology and field-tested it in several countries.
“The claim was that genes from the release strain would not get into the general population because offspring would die. That obviously was not what happened,” senior author Prof. Jeffrey Powell from Yale University was quoted as saying on the University website.
In India, Gangabishan Bhikulal Investment and Trading Limited (GBIT) and Oxitec had in January 2017 begun outdoor caged trials using Oxitec’s RIDL technology.
The genetic strategy works on the premise that the transgenic male mosquitoes released frequently in large numbers would compete with the naturally occurring male mosquitoes to mate with the females. Offspring from the mating of transgenic male mosquito and naturally occurring female mosquito do not survive to the adult stage. This is because tetracycline drug that is used to keep the dominant lethal gene under check while breeding in labs is not present in sufficient quantity in nature. In the absence of tetracycline, the larvae die due to overproduction of the lethal protein.
Science Chronicle 
The paper has mistaken claims. For a better understanding read this thread by an expert in the field: https://twitter.com/vectorgen/status/1172948620322181120
This paper is highly misleading, especially in its conclusions. For a better understanding kindly read through this thread from an expert in the field: https://twitter.com/vectorgen/status/1172948620322181120
We know so little of gene dynamics in the natural environment. Any genetically modified releases will have unintended consequences. Like with any biological intervention it is a question of how important is the remedy and how tolerable are the side effects.